speech on fasting by MUHAMMAD YAHAYA Amir of FGC Daura.

All thanks and salutations are to Allah {SWA} the cherisher the omnipotent the omniscient the creator. I seek refuge with Allah {SWA} from the evil of our souls and the evil of our deeds. One whom Allah {SWA} guide no one can lead him astray and one whom He misguide no one can guide him.

 I testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah {SWA} and Muhammad {SAW} is his messenger.

I am very grateful to our excellently educated, dedicated, committed and hard working teachers of Federal Government College Daura, Katsina state without whom our brain cannot developed.

I am also grateful to the teachers of Madarasatul Ihsanul Mannan Litahfizul Qur’an, Yankaba, Nasarawa Local Govrt. Kano state.

I dedicated this paper with the topic {FATAWA AKAN AZUMI} to my colleagues {Brothers and Sisters in Islam} of FGC Daura 2014 sate.

FATAWA AKAN AZUMI

Da sunan Allah mai yawan Rahama,  Mai yawan jin kai, tsira da Aminci su kara tabbata ga fiyayyan halitta Annabin rahama, tare da saabbansa da iyalan gidansa, da duk masu binsa da kyautatawa har zuwa ranar Alkiyama.
Bayan haka Azumin watan Ramadan wajibi ne akan kowanne musulmi Namiji da musulma mace, kuma yana daya daga cikin manya manyan ginshikan musulunci, kuma daya ne daga cikin rukunansa, kamar fadin Allah (SWT) cikin littafinSa Mai tsarki cewa: "Yaku wadanda kuka yi imani, an wajabta azumi a kanku kamar yadda aka wajabta shi ga wadanda suka gabace ku, don kuji tsoron Allah" (Bakara aya ta 283).
Kamar yadda shari'a ta dora yin azumi akan namiji, haka ta dorawa ya mace yinsa, na Ramadanne ko na nafila, amma kuma shari'a ta rwangwantawa mace game da yin azumin a wasu wurare ko kuma ace awasu lokuta, wannan saboda kasancewar mace mai rauni ta fanin shari'a da hankali,
Idan watan ramadan ya tsaya to ya wajaba akan ko wanne musulmi da musulma, baligai, kuma masu lafiya, mazauna gida su yi azumi, ma'ana su kame bakinsu daga ci ko sha ko saduwar aure daga fudowar alfijir har zuwa faduwar rana, wanda kuma ya kasance mara lafiya ko yazamo matafiyi acikin kwanakin azumin ramadan, to ya halata agare shi da ya sha azumin sa'annnan ya rama adadin kwanakin da ya sha acikin kwanakin da bana ramadanba.
Allah (SWT) yace: "Wanda ya riski wata dag a cikin ku, to sai ya azumce shi, wanda kuma ya zamo maras lafiya ko matafiyi, to sai ya rama a kwanaki na gaba..." (bakara aya ta 185).
Don haka duk wanda watan Ramadan ya riske shi amma ya tsufa tukuf, ko kuma mara lafiya dake a kwance, da ba'a sa ran zai warke daga rashin lafiyar, mace ko namiji, to ko wanne daga cikin wadannan zai sha azumin, amma sai ya ciyar da miskini daya rabin sa'i, ma'ana mudu biyu na galibin abincin kasar, amaimakon ko wace rana, wacce ya sha azumi acikin ta. kamar yadda Allah maigirma da daukaka ya bayyana cikin suratul bakara aya ta 184.

MENENE FALALAR WATAN RAMADAN
Ans. Azumin Ramadan yana da falaloli da ywa. Daga cikin falalar azumin sun hada da:-
a. Yana kankare zunubin mutum kamar yadda yazo a hadisin Khuzaifah (R.A.) Manzon Allah {S.A.W} yace "fitinar  mutum a cikin iyalansa, da dukiyarsa ko makwabcinsa sallah da azumi da sadaka suna kankaresu". (Bukhari).
b. Yazo a hadisi, dukkan aikin Dan Adam nasane Malaiku suke rubuta shi, amma azumi wannan na Allah ne Shi Yake saka shi (hadisin ya tabbata a targhib wattarhib, juzI na farko shafi na 75).
c. Hadisi kuma ya tabbata daga Jabir dan Abdullahi (R.A.) daga Manzon Allah {S.A.W.} cewar azumi garkuwane da dan Adam zaiyi garkuwa dashi daga wuta. sannan hadisi ya tabbata daga Muazu dan Jabal (R.A.) cewa hakika Manzon Allah {S.A.W.} yace dashi shin bazan nuna maka kofofin alheriba? Sai yace naam ya Rasulullah sai yace azumi garkuwane kuma akwai hadisin Abi Umamata (R.A.) yace, "Nace wa Manzon Allah ka umarceni da waani aiki da Allah Zai amfanar dani dashi sai yace ka lizimci azumi domin babu kamarsa" (dukkan wadanna hadisai sun tabbata a targhib, tahakikin Sheikh Albani juzuI na farko shafi na 578).
d. Azumi kuma shine sababin tsoron Allah.
e. A lokacin azumin Ramadan ana bude kofofin Aljanna, kuma ana kulle kofofin Jahannama sannan a daure shaidanu kamar yadda ya tabbata a hadisin Abi Huraira (Bukhari, 1899).
f. Hadisi ya tabbata wanda Imam Tirmizi ya ruwaito cewar Manzon Allah {S.A.W.} yace "Bashin bakin mai azumi yafi kamshi fiye da turaren miski a wurin Allah" hadisine sahihi. Sannan wani hadisin ya tabbata daga Sahl bin Saad (R.A) daga Manzon Allah {S.A.W.) yace a cikin Aljanna akwai wata kofa ana kiranta Rayyanu, masu azumi zasu shigeta ranar tashin kiyama, babu wanda zai shigeta sai su. Idan sun shiga sai a kulleta babu wanda zai sake shiga (Bukhari 1896) Tirmizi ya kara bayani a cikin riwayarsa cewar wanda ya shigeta bazai ji kishin ruwaba har abada 

WANE IRIN ALBISHIR MANZON ALLAH YAKE YIWA SAHABBANSA KAFIN AZUMI?
Ans:- Ya tabbata wajen manzon Allah (S.A.W.) ya kasance yana yiwa sahabbansa bushara zuwan Ramadan yana basu labarin cewar a cikin watan Ramadan ana bude kofofin Rahama da kofofin Aljanna, kuma ana rufe Jahannama, sannan ana daure shaidanu, kamar yadda yazo a hadisin Abi Huraira (Sahihul bukhari, hadisi na 1899).

. MENENE MAANAR AZUMI?
Ans. Maanar azumi a Sharia shine kamewa daga dukkan abubuwan da suke bata azumi kamar ci da sha, jimaI da sauransu daga famar alfijir zuwa faduwar rana da niyyar bautawa Allah.
MENENE DALILIN WAJIBCIN AZUMI?
Ans. Daliln wajibcin azumi shine fadar Allah Madaukaki yaku wadanda kukayi imani an wajabta muku yin azumi kamar yadda aka wajabtawa wadanda suka gabaceku ko kunji tsoron Allah." Kwanakine kididdigaggu. Kuma hadisin daya gabata na Abi Huraira ya nuna wajibcin domin Manzon Allah (S.A.W.) yace kuyi azumi idan kun ganshi.. wannan kuwa umarni ne.
 SU WANENE AZUMI YA WAJABA A GARESU?
Ans. Azumin Ramadan ya wajaba akan dukkan Musulmi baligi mai hankali kuma wanda yake da ikon yi, sannan mazaunin gida ba matafiyaba. Amma azumi baya wajaba akan wadannan.
1. Kafiri:- Azumi baya wajaba akansa, hakanan ramuwa bata wajaba a kansa idan ya musulunta a gaba.
2. Yaro:- wanda bai balagaba. Amma zaa umarceshi domin ya saba kamar yadda magabata suke yiwa yayansu.
3. Mahaukaci:- Azumi bai wajaba a kansa ba. Dalili kuwa Manzon Allah yace an daga alkalami akan mutum uku wanda  mahaukaci da yaro na cikin ukun daya ambata saboda haka idan mahaukaci sai ya rama azumi to yaro ma kenan zai rama azumin da yasha idan ya balaga. Haka ma mai bacci da yayi jimaI saboda haka malaman da sukace mahaukaci ya rama azumi basu da wata madogara daga Alkuani ko maganar Manzon Allah (S.A.W.).
4. Wanda ya gaza yin azumi saboda tsufa zai sha azumi kuma ba zai rama ba sai dai zai ciyar.
5. Mara lafiya wanda ba zai iya azumi ba to shi zai rama bayan ya warke. Amma cutar da ake tabbatar bazata warke ba, to wannan ma zai rika ciyarwa.
6. Matafiyi:- Azumi bai wajaba a kansa ba amma zai rama.
7. Mai haila to jinin biki:- baza su yi azumi ba, amma zasu rama.
YAUSHE NE AKE DAUKAR NIYYAR AZUMI?
Ans:- Ana daukar niyyar azumine kafin ketowar alfijir idan ya kasance azumin farillane, domin fadar Manzon Allah (S.A.W.) wanda bai dauki niyyar azumi da dare ba (kafin ketowar alfijir) baya da azumi" Nana Hafsa ta ruwaitoshi (R.A.) Sheikh Albani yayi tahakikinsa a sahihu jamiu Sagir lamba na 6535 ko kuma sahihin NisaI, tahakikin Sheikh Albani lamba 2199).

YAUSHE NE YAFI DACEWA AYI    SAHUR?                                                                           
Ans. A sunnace anaso a Jinkirta yin sahur zuwa kusan ketowar Alfijir. Hadisi ya tabbata daga Anas dan Malik, daga Zaid bin Thabit (R.A.) yace "Mun ci Sahur tare da manzon Allah (S.A.W.) bayan wannan sai manzon Allah (S.A.W.) ya tashi zuwa sallah. Sai Anas ya tambayi Zaid bin Thabit minene tsakanin cin sahur da yin sallar Asuba? Sai ya ce gwargwadon Aya 50 (watau mutum ya karanta Aya 50)". (Bukhari, 1921, muslim 1097). Akwai kuma hadisin Sahl ibn Saad yace:- "Na kasance ina yin sahur cikin iyalina bayan wannan sai in yi gaggawa domin samu Sujada (Sallah) da manzon Allah (S.A.W.)". Wannan ya nuna cewa ana yin sahur ne dab da ketowar Alfijir (Bukhari, 1920).

MINENE FALALAR YIN SAHUR
Ans- Hadisi ya tabbata daga Anas dan Malik (R.A.) yace:-  Hakika manzon Allah (S.A.W.) yace Kuyi sahur, hakika yin sahur akwai albarka a cikinsa.(Bukhari 1923) saboda haka duk abin da manzon Allah ya ambace shi da Albarka mutum zai yi wasa da shi kuwa?
IDAN MUTUM YANA CIKIN SHAN ABIN  SHANSA LOKACIN   SAHUR SAI YAJI KIRAN SALLAH YAYA ZAI YI?
Ans- Anan mutum zai karasa abin shansa ne. Domin hadisi ya tabbata daga Abi Hurairata (R.A.) yace:- Manzon Allah (S.A.W.) yace: "Idan dayan ku yaji kiran Sallah alhali kwarya tana hannunsa kada ya ajiye ta har sai ya biya bukatar sa (sai ya gama sha)". (Abi Dauda ya rawaito shi, Babi na 18, hadisi na 2060) Hadisin Sahihine, kuma Sheikh Albani ya ingantashi a cikin Sharhin Abi Dauda hadisi na 1350. Amma mutane suyi hattara kada su mai da wannan ya zama Aladar su kullum.
 MINENE BAMBANCI TSAKANIN AZUMINMU DA AZUMIN YAHUDU DA NASARA?
Ans- Bambancin Azumin Alummar Annabi Muhammad (S.A.W.) da na Yahudu da Nasara shine yin sahur da gaggauta bude baki. Hakika manzon Allah (S.A.W.) ya fada a cikin hadisin Amr bin Ass (R.A.) yace:-

DAMI AKAFISO MUTUM YA FARA BUDA BAKI?
ANS:- An fiso ya fara buda baki da danyen dabino, idan har bai samu ba sai yayi da busasshe, idan bai samu ba sai yasha ruwa. Dukkan wannan zai zama kafin yayi sallah ne, kuma an fiso yayi shine a mara (1,3,5,7,9,..).Domin hadisi ya tabbata daga Anas dan Malik (R.A) yace manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya kasance yana bude baki da danyen dabino kafin yayi sallah, idan bai samu danye ba, ya kanyi da busasshe, idan kuma bai samu busasshe ba sai ya kamfaci ruwa yasha.(Abi Dauda, Babin Bude Baki,2065). Hadisi ne  ingatacce.
WACCE ADDUA CE TA TABBATA DAGA MANZON ALLAH (S.A.W) YAYIN BUDA BAKI ?
ANS:- Abdullahi dan Umar yace:- Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya kasance idan ya bude baki sai yace Kishin ruwa ta tafi jijiyoyi sun jike, lada ta tabbata in Allah ya yarda.
Hadisine Hassan idan aka hada hanyoyinsa (Sheikh Albani ya ingatashi a tahakikinsa na Dauda, Hadisi na 2066) amma mutum zai iya karawa da rokon Allah akan bukatunsa na duniya da lahira bayan yayi wannan Adduar.Abin da yake bambanta Azuminmu dana mazowa littafi shine cin sahur (Abi Dauda 2059, Muslim) Sheikh Albani ya ingantashi.
WADANNE HALAYE YA KAMATA MAI AZUMI YA LAZUMTA?
1.  HAKURI:  Ya kamata mai Azumi ya lizimci hakuri, domin shine zai hana mutum bin soye soyen zuciyar sa, kuma shine zai bashi juriyar bin umarnin Allah. Hadisi ya tabbata daga Manzon Allah (S.A.W) cewa:  "Idan dayanku ya kasance yana Azumi, kada yayi maganganun fasikanci ko rafasu, kuma idan wani ya zageshi ko ya yakeshi yace:  Ni Azumi nake".  Bukhari ne da Muslim suka ruwaito(1).

2.  RIKON AMANA:  Ya kamata mai Azumi ya kasance mai rikon amana, domin rikon amana zai taimaka masa wajen bada hakkokin da Allah ya umarce shi ya bayar.
Anan ya zama wajibi mu jawo hankalin wadansu daga cikin yan kasuwa wadanda suke amfani da watan Ramadhan wajen cutar da al umma wajen tsawwala farashin kayayyakin masarufi, da kuma yin algus ko yaudara a cikin ciniki, domin duk abinda aka samu ta hanyar haram shi zai sa cinsu da shansu da tufafinsu ya zama haram. Kuma wannan shi zai sa Allah yaki karbar Addu'arsu.
Anan ma muna kara jawo hankalin shugabanni wadanda Allah ya danka dukiyar Al'umma a hannunsu da su ji tsoron Allah su rike Amana, kada su dinga diban dukiyar al'umma suna yin umrah ko kuma su biya wa wasu mutane, domin Allah baya karbar ibadar da akayi da dukiyar haram.
3.  RAHAMA:  Ana son mai Azumi ya zama mai jin kai, karimi, mai yalwar zuciya da hannu, kuma mai son biyan bukatar Al'ummah gwargwadon hali. Domin Manzon Allah (S.A.W) yace:  "Duk wanda ya ciyar da mai azumi yana da kwatan kwacin ladan wanda ya ciyar ba tare da an rage ladan wanda aka ciyar din ba".
4.  NASIHA:  Ya kamata mai Azumi ya zama mai nasiha wajen hana munkari da umarni da kyakkyawan aiki. 
5.   SULHU:  Ya kamata mai Azumi ya zama mai yin sulhu a tsakanin mutanen da basa ga maciji, musamman tsakanin dangi, domin ya tabbata cewa:  kiyayya tana hana karbar ibada da addu'a, har sai masu adawar sunyi sulhu a tsakaninsu.
6.  RINTSE IDO DA KAME FARJI:  Ya kamata mai Azumi ya rintse idonsa ya kuma kame farjinsa daga dukkanin abinda Allah ya hana, musamman kallon matan mutane, da zina.
7.  KAME HARSHE:  Ya kamata mai Azumi ya kame harshensa daga giba (yi da mutane) da zagin mutane da cutar dasu da karya wacce ta zama ruwan dare a tsakanin al'ummah.
8.  IKHLASI:  Ya kamata duk mai azumi yayi domin neman yardar Allah, ba don mutane su yabe shi ba, kada kuma yayi don Allah da waninsa.
Anan muna jan hankalin yan uwa masu bada sadaka ko ciyar da masu Azumi da masu tafsirin Al'Kurani mai girma, da masu zuwa umrah, da limamai masu rera tilawa a sallar tarawihi, da masu sauran aiyuka na gari da su rinka yi domin neman yardar Allah.
9.  BIN SUNNAR MANZON ALLAH:  Ya kamata mai Azumi ya rinka koyi da sunnar Manzon Allah (S.A.W) sau da kafa a duk ibadar da zai yi.  Ya kuma nisanci dukkanin bidi'o'I, musamman bidi'o'in da ake yin su a cikin watan Ramadhan, kamar nafil fili da falaloli da ake bayarwa wadanda basu tabbata daga manzon Allah (S.A.W) ba,  ko magabata nagari.
10.  TARBIYYAH:  Ya kamata mai Azumi ya kula da tarbiyar gidansa musamman kangararrun yara wadanda basa Azumi ko kuma masu shaye shaye.
Kuma ya kamata iyaye su yawaita yiwa ya yansu addu'a, a cikin watan Azumi, domin Allah ya shiryesu.

“Oh Allah benefits me from the knowledge you have given me, and give me knowledge that is beneficial to me